اندیشه مدیریت راهبردی (اندیشه مدیریت)
بررسی مفهوم استراتژی باز: رویکرد فراترکیب
نوع مقاله : مقاله علمی-پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی دکتری مدیریت بازرگانی، دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی، تهران، ایران.
2 دانشیار گروه مدیریت بازرگانی، دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی، تهران، ایران (نویسنده مسئول).
چکیده
امروزه مفهوم باز بودن در سازمان‌ها گسترش پیدا کرده و سازمان‌ها علاقه خاصی به رویکردهای باز نشان داده‌اند، در این میان استراتژی باز نیز بخشی از روند و تمایل اجتماعی گسترده به سمت گشودگی بیشتر است. استراتژی باز پدیده‌ای چندوجهی است که به‌سرعت در حال پیشرفت بوده و نیازمند شناخت بیشتر است. در این مقاله تلاش می‌شود به کمک روش پژوهش کیفی فراترکیب به بررسی دقیق‌تر مفهوم استراتژی باز در قالب چیستی آن پرداخته شود. با بررسی صورت گرفته در پایگاه اسکوپوس، درنهایت 38 مقاله در بازه زمانی 1990 تا 2020 با محوریت استراتژی باز انتخاب و به روش کیفی تحلیل شدند. در این پژوهش، مهم‌ترین تعاریف ارائه شده در این حوزه شناسایی شده و سپس با توجه به تعدد تعاریف، مشخصه‌ها و رویکردهای استفاده شده با نگاهی کلان‌تر به نوع‌شناسی معرفی استراتژی باز پرداخته می‌شود. نتایج پژوهش نشان می‌دهد که می‌توان شیوه‌های شناسایی و تعریف استراتژی باز را در 5 دسته فلسفی، بعدشناسی، دامنه کاربرد، فرآیندی و سطح تجزیه‌وتحلیل تقسیم‌بندی کرد. از منظر مبانی فلسفی، رویکرد استراتژی باز عمدتاً ذهنی و در پارادایم پست‌مدرن است. از منظر بعدشناسی، دارای دو بعد اصلی شفافیت و فراگیری است که هر کدام دارای ابعاد فرعی نیز هستند. دامنه کاربردهای مختلف این پدیده در قالب هشت رویکرد شناخته می‌شود. از منظر فرآیندی، دارای سه نوع‌شناسی مهم بوده و از منظر سطح تجزیه‌وتحلیل نیز به دو طریق تعداد یا نوع شناخته می‌شود. جزئیات و شاخص‌های این 5 دسته، به تفصیل در مقاله اشاره شده است. شایان ذکر است که ماهیت پویا و تأثیرگذار استراتژی باز و راه‌های مختلف نگاه به این حوزه، نشان می‌دهد محققین باید تلاش بیشتری برای درک بهتر این پدیده جدید داشته باشند.
کلیدواژه‌ها
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دوره 15، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 30
مهر 1400صفحه 85-126
- تاریخ دریافت: 17 مهر 1400
- تاریخ بازنگری: 08 اسفند 1400
- تاریخ پذیرش: 17 فروردین 1401